升入初中后,很多同学经常会觉得英语老师在课堂上所讲的内容自己都能听懂,可是一旦课后自己去独立完成作业时经常遇到各种各样的问题。特别是像句型翻译,即汉译英一类考查综合能力的大题常常不能获得高分,甚至一句完整的话都表达不出来,作业错误率高。
这是由于对于汉译英这类考查综合能力的题型很多学生心里本身持一个排斥的态度。老师如果在课堂上引导着同学思路讲解时,大部分能听懂且能表达出来,可是一到课下作业时发现有很多单词不知如何运用,从而遇到各种困难,无法正常表达完整的句子。时间一长,不会的知识越落越多,再往严重的方向发展,很可能以后在课堂上老师引导下的知识也听不懂了。
其次很多同学没有养成课后小结的好习惯。这对英语的学习来说是非常不利的,英语作为一门语言学科,其本身就复杂易混,不论是复杂的语法还是各种相似的短语句型等,都需要我们及时进行归纳总结,否则很多相似易混的知识点时间一长就很容易忘记,做题时更容易反复出现错误。
因此,同学们一定要以课本为主,狠抓基础知识。
我们不能只满足会背,会诵,还要通过适当地分析、研究后,挖掘出这些易混知识点间存在的内在联系,善于将易混的知识点串联,整理归纳出一套完整的知识框架。并且学会应用基础知识解决问题。只有这样才能应对汉译英这类复杂题型。
我在《初中英语自诊断》中特别给同学们整理了初中阶段最容易考查的25组句型,同学们课下结合例句加深理解,学会运用。
26. Stop making that noise.别这么吵闹。(stop doing\to do)
We stopped (walking) to have lunch in a village pub.
我们停下来在一家乡村小酒馆吃午饭.
27.It’s dangerous (for you) to drive so fast. (It’s +adj.+for\of sb to do)
(你)车开得这么快是危险的。
It’s impossible for him to work out this maths problem.
他解出这道数学题是不可能的。
I found it impossible to work out this maths problem. (find it+adj.+to do)
我发现他解出这道数学题是不可能的。
28. He showed me his new suit. / He showed his new suit to me.
他向我展示他的新服装。(两种方法) (show sb. sth. / show sth. to sb. )
She bought a dress for me. She bought me a new dress.
她给我买了一件连衣裙。(buy sb. sth./buy sth. for sb.)
29. She spent a lot of money on clothes. (spend time/money on sth.)
她花很多钱买衣服。
She spent a lot of time (in) surfing. (spend time/money in doing )
她花很多时间玩冲浪。
He paid $10 for the book.(pay for sth.)
The book cost him $10.(sth. cost sb.some money)
他花了10美元买这本书。(两种方法)
30. What do you mean by “baozi”?( what do you mean…)
“baozi”是什么意思?
31. What/How about having a rest? /(having) a try? (What/How about + doing)
休息一会儿/尝试一下怎么样?
32. Why not make friends with him? (Why not do)(why don’t you do)
何不跟他交个朋友?
33. It’s better to make up your mind. (It’s better\best to do)
你最好下定决心。
It’s best to wear silk clothes in summer.
在夏季最好穿丝绸衣服。
34. The river is 50 kilometres long and two metres deep.
这条河有50公里长两米深。
35. Your cake is as delicious as mine.(as…as…)
你的蛋糕和我的蛋糕一样好吃。
He doesn’t run so / as fast as you.
他不如我跑得快。
36. He often helps me with my Chinese. (help sb. with sth.)
他经常帮助我学习语文(或中文)。
He often helps me do the homework. (help sb. do sth.)
他经常帮助我做家庭作业。
37. What do you think of the novel?( what do you think of/ how do you like)
How do you like the novel?
你认为这本小说怎么样?(两种方法)
38. He likes cooking very much. So do I. / So does he.(so+倒装语序)
他非常喜欢做饭。我也一样。/他也一样。
He is American. So is Jim.
他是美国人。吉姆也是。
39.Don’t forget to post the letter on your way home.
别忘了在你回家的路上把这封信寄了。(forget\ remember to do\doing)
Did you remember to send your mother a birthday card last week?
上星期你没有忘记给你母亲寄生日卡吧?
I’ll never forget seeing the girl for the first time.
我将终生难忘初次见到那位姑娘的情景。
40. Forests help to keep water from running away. (keep\stop\prevent from doing)
森林有助于防止水分流失。
The Great Green Wall will stop the sand from moving towards the rich farmland.
绿色长城将阻挡沙子侵蚀肥沃的农田。
41. I prefer to do shopping on the Internet rather than go to the shop.
比起去商店购物,我更喜欢网上购物。(prefer to do rather than do)
42. He has nothing to do with the club. (have nothing to do with)
他和那家俱乐部没有关系。
43. Tom made such a noise that his sister told him to be quiet.(such…that…)
汤姆太吵闹了以至他姐姐叫他安静点。
His idea was such a good one that we all agreed to use it.
他的想法是如此的好以至我们一致同意采纳它。
44. We are proud of what you’ve done. (be proud of)
我们为你所做的感到骄傲。
We are proud of our city.
我们为我们的城市感到自豪。
45. Beijing is famous for its many places of interest in the world.( be famous for)
北京因为众多名胜古迹而闻名世界。
46.The students are getting ready for the coming sports meeting.
学生们正在为即将到来的运动会做准备。(be/ get ready for ,be prepare for)
47.There is something wrong with my bicycle .can you help me with it?
我的自行车出了问题,你能帮我修理吗?( there is something wrong with)
48.I’ll call you as soon as I arrive in shanghai。( as soon as)
我一到上海就给你打电话。
49.She is good at dancing。(be good at ,do well in)
她擅长跳舞.
50.They are interested in animals。( be interested in)
他们对动物感兴趣。
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原文作者:安颖,北京西城英语教师。