常考时态就这8种,掌握好这些内容,你就能快人一步!

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动 词 的 时 态

初中英语短语大全|初中英语短语固定搭配|下载版

常考的有八种:一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、现在完成进行时。

(一)  一般现在时(do / does)

1) 表示经常性或习惯性动作

We always care for each otherand help each other.

我们总是互相关心互相帮助。

He goes to school every day.

2)  表示普遍真理

Light travels faster thansound.

光速比声速快。

Actions speak louder than words.

行动胜过言语。

常与一般现在时态连用的词或短语主要有:often, usually, sometimes, every day, every morning/afternoon, onSundays/weekends

I often go to the cinema on Sundays.

我经常星期天去看电影。

He goes to work early every day.

他每天上班很早。

3)用一般现在代一般将来的情况:条件和时间状语从句中,飞机列车时刻表中

We’ll give him the book if he wantsit.

I’ll call you assoon as I arrive in shanghai.

Did he say that the train leaves at 5:30?

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(二)一般过去时( did )

(1)表示过去某一特定时间所发生的、可完成的动作或状态,常与表示确切过去时间的词、短语或从句连用。例如:
We went to the pictures last night andsaw a very interesting film.
(2)表示过去习惯性动作。例如:

He always went to class last.

I used to do my homework in the library.

(3)句型:

1)It is time that sb.did\should+v原 sth. “时间已迟了”  “早该……了” ,

It is time you went to bed.

你早该睡觉了。

2) was/ were doing sth. when …did sth.

I was reading abook when the bell rang

3) was/wereabout to do sth. when … did sth.

We were about toleave when the telephone rang.

(4)在条件和时间状语从句中,用一般过去时代替过去将来时

(三)一般将来时 ( will / shall do) 

(1)表示将来打算进行或期待发生的动作或状态。例如:
I shall graduate next year.
(2)be going to +v,表示准备做或将发生的事情。例如:
I’m going to buy a house whenwe’ve saved enough money.
(3)be to +v表示计划安排要做的事,具有”必要”的强制性意义。例如:
I am to play tennis thisafternoon.
(4)be about to +v表示即将发生的事情。例如:
He was about to start.
(5)祈使句+and、or+一般将来时的句子

 

(四)现在进行时 ( is / are doing)

1)表示现在某时或某段时间内正在进行的动作。常与现在进行时连用的词组是now, right now,at the mother,for the time being,for the present, 或某个具体的时间(几点钟)。

He is writing a letter now.

She is visiting Beijing this week.

2)表示一种感情(如赞叹,厌烦,满意,不满等)

He is alwaysthinking of his work. (表示赞许)

The boy is alwaystalking in class. (表示不满)

3) 用现在进行时表示将来  下列动词come, go, arrive,leave, start, begin, return等现在进行时可以表示将来。

I’m leaving tomorrow.

明天我要走了。

Are you staying here till next week?

你会在这儿呆到下周吗?

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(五)现在完成时(have / has done)

 

(1)现在完成时用来表示对目前状况仍有影响的,刚刚完成的动作(常与yet,already,just连用),或者过去某一时刻发生的,持续到现在的情况(常与for,since连用)。例如:
I have just finished my homework.
Mary has been ill for three days.
(2)常与现在完成时连用的时间状语有:since, for, during, over等引导出的短语;副词already,yet, just, ever,ever since, before, lately, recently等;状语词组this week (morning, month, year), so far, up to now, many times, upto the present, in the past few years等。例如:
So far, she hasn’t enjoyed the summervacation.
There have been a lot of changes since1978.
(3)现在完成时态可用在下列结构中:
It is the first / second time…. that…结构中的从句部分,用现在完成时。例如:

It is the first time that Ihave visited the city.

这是我第一次访问这城市。

如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时,从句的谓语动词通常用现在完成时;如果主句谓语动词是一般过去时,从句谓语动词通用过去完成时。例如:

There was aknock at the door. It was the second time someone had interrupted me that evening.

 

(六)过去进行时 (was / were doing)

过去进行时表示一个过去的动作发生时或发生后,另一个过去的动作正在进行,或表示过去反复的习惯,常与always,continually,constantly等动词连用。例如:
1)We werediscussing the matter when the headmaster entered.
2)Whenever Ivisited him, he was always writing at the desk.

 

(七)过去完成时 (had done)

 

(1)表示过去某时间前已经发生的动作或情况,这个过去的时间可以用by,before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示;或者表示一个动作在另一个过去动作之前已经完成。例如:
1)We had just had ourbreakfast when Tom came in.
2)By the end of last yearthey had turned out 5, 000 bicycles.

(2)动词expect, hope, mean, intend, plan,suppose, wish, want, desire等用过去完成时,表示过去的希望、预期、意图或愿望等没有实现。例如:
I had meant to take a good holiday this year, but Iwasn’t able to get away.
(3)过去完成时常用于以下固定句型:
1)hardly, scarcely, barely + 过去完成时+ when + 过去时。例如:
Hardly had I got on the bus when it started to move.
2)no sooner +过去完成时+ than +过去时。例如:
No sooner had I gone out than he came to see me.
3)by (the end of )/by (thetime of) +过去时间或动作,主句中谓语动词用过去完成时。(+现在时间或动作用现完,+将来时间或动作用将完)例如:
The experiment had been finished by 4 o’clockyesterday afternoon.

4)It was/had been+段时间+since(过去完成时)

That/It was thefirst/second …time+that(过去完成时)

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(八)现在完成进行时 (has / have been doing)

现在完成进行时表示过去某一时刻之前开始的动作或状态一直延续到现在某一时刻。并有可能一直持续下去例如:
I have been looking for my lost book for three days,but I still haven’t found it.

很多学生和家长或许觉得纳闷,为啥班里的英语学霸单词记得那么牢固呢?我怎么过段时间就忘了呢?学霸们不会告诉您他们课后记单词的诀窍。

学霸们会对照着记单词,把拼写相近、意思相似的词汇与短语放到一起来背。我想同学们都有这样的经验,完形填空题中四个选项给出的单词拼写非常相近,分不清哪个是哪个了,不知道咋选。

学霸不会被难住,轻松做了出来。在记忆单词时学霸会把这相似单词对照,放到一起辨析着背,当然能很快拿下这道题了。我的初中英语自诊断这本书,把中考英语试卷里最常考的五百个单词进行了非常系统的梳理,每个单词的使用方法,都有我的视频讲解。

除了讲解该单词的使用外,还将与该单词拼写接近、意思相仿的其他词汇和一些典型的固定搭配,都做了整理和对照。这五百个核心词汇,以及引申出来的词汇,基本上把所有中考英语试卷要求的词汇都包括了。

学霸单词记得非常扎实,还有一点要大家学习,就是通过做题来强化巩固。初中英语自诊断除了核心单词汇总外,还配有很多的完形填空阅读理解等典型习题,而且每道题的旁边都有二维码,扫码即可看这道题匹配的视频讲解,帮助同学们巩固这些词汇,同时还帮助同学们搞清楚如何分析句子句型。

推荐文章:初中英语单词

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有的学生谈起学习方法来头头是道,比谁都能说,可这些方法是别人的,自己只是动嘴皮子说行,从来不去执行。

学霸的学习方法是好,可那是人家的,你不拿来利用,对你成绩提高没任何意义。

原创/安颖/北京市西城区英语教师

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